If you missed the HPV vaccine as a teenager, you might be wondering whether it is too late to get protected. The short answer is no, it is not too late. Millions of adults across the world are getting vaccinated against HPV every year, and the science behind it is clear: the vaccine works, it is safe, and depending on your age and health history, it may still be strongly recommended for you.
At Burnham Health Pharmacy, we get this question often. This guide covers everything you need to know about HPV vaccination as an adult, including who qualifies, what the research says, how to decide, and how to get started.
What Is HPV and Why Does It Matter?
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the world. In most cases, the body clears the virus on its own. But in some people, certain strains of HPV persist and lead to serious health problems.
HPV causes:
- Cervical cancer
- Throat and oral cancers (oropharyngeal cancer)
- Anal cancer
- Penile cancer
- Vaginal and vulvar cancers
- Genital warts
There are over 100 strains of HPV. About 40 affect the genital area. High-risk strains like HPV 16 and HPV 18 are responsible for the majority of HPV-related cancers. The good news is that the current vaccine, Gardasil 9, protects against nine strains including both of those.
Who Can Get the HPV Vaccine as an Adult?
Adults Ages 27 to 45
In 2018, the FDA expanded approval of Gardasil 9 for adults aged 27 to 45. This was a significant change because it opened up vaccination to a large group of people who either missed it as teens or were never offered it.
However, for this age group, the recommendation is shared decision-making. This means you talk with a healthcare provider or pharmacist to weigh the personal benefits based on your lifestyle, history, and risk factors.
You may benefit more from the vaccine if:
- You have new or multiple sexual partners
- You are starting a new relationship
- You were never vaccinated as a child or teen
- You have a condition that affects your immune system
- You were not previously exposed to all nine strains covered by Gardasil 9
Adults Under 27
If you are between 22 and 26 and never completed the vaccine series, it is still routinely recommended. You should get vaccinated. No shared decision-making required. This is a clear catch-up recommendation from the CDC and other health authorities.
Older Adults Over 45
There is currently no FDA approval for HPV vaccination in adults over 45. The evidence suggests that by this age, most people have already been exposed to the strains the vaccine covers, which reduces the benefit significantly. That said, if you have questions about your specific situation, talking to a pharmacist or doctor is always worth it.
How Many Doses Do Adults Need?
The number of doses depends on your age when you start and your immune status.
- 2 doses if you start before age 15, given 6 to 12 months apart
- 3 doses if you start at age 15 or older, given over 6 months (0, 1 to 2 months, 6 months)
Adults who were never vaccinated will almost always need the 3-dose series.
HPV Vaccine Side Effects in Adults
The HPV vaccine is well-tolerated by most adults. Side effects are usually mild and short-lived.
Common side effects:
- Soreness, redness, or swelling at the injection site
- Mild fever
- Headache
- Dizziness or fainting (brief, usually right after the injection)
- Nausea
Serious side effects are rare. The vaccine has been studied extensively in millions of people around the world and has a strong safety record. Burnham Health Pharmacy recommends staying for about 15 minutes after your injection just to make sure you feel fine before leaving.
How to Get the HPV Vaccine as an Adult
Getting vaccinated is straightforward. You do not need a referral or a GP appointment in most cases. Here is how it typically works:
- Check your eligibility based on age and health history
- Book an appointment at a pharmacy or clinic that offers Gardasil 9
- Bring your insurance card if applicable
- Receive your first dose and schedule follow-up doses
- Complete the full series for maximum protection
Many pharmacies, including Burnham Health Pharmacy, offer walk-in and same-day appointments for HPV vaccinations. This makes it easy to fit into a busy adult schedule without having to navigate long clinic wait times.
HPV Vaccine and Men: Often Overlooked
HPV vaccination is not just for women. Men are equally susceptible to HPV infection and the cancers it causes, including throat, anal, and penile cancers. Gardasil 9 is approved and recommended for males up to age 26 routinely, and for males 27 to 45 based on shared decision-making.
Men who have sex with men are at higher risk for HPV-related cancers and have a particularly strong case for vaccination even into their adult years.
FAQ: HPV Vaccine for Adults
Can you get vaccinated for HPV as an adult over 30?
Yes. The FDA approved Gardasil 9 for adults up to age 45. For adults 27 to 45, a conversation with your pharmacist or doctor helps determine whether it makes sense for you personally.
Is it too late to get the HPV vaccine at 35?
Not necessarily. If you have not been vaccinated before and you are under 45, you may still benefit. The vaccine is approved for this age group, and your provider can help you decide.
Can I get the HPV vaccine if I already have HPV?
Yes. Having one strain of HPV does not mean you have all nine strains that Gardasil 9 protects against. The vaccine can still reduce your risk from strains you have not yet been exposed to.
How long does the HPV vaccine last?
Studies show protection lasting at least 10 to 12 years, with no significant drop in effectiveness over that period. Researchers continue to monitor long-term durability.
Is the HPV vaccine safe for adults with autoimmune conditions?
Generally, yes, because it is a non-live vaccine. However, your specific condition and any medications you take may affect the recommendation. Speak to your healthcare provider before booking.
Is one dose enough if I had some doses as a teenager but never finished?
No. You should complete the remaining doses in the series. The number you need depends on how many you had before and at what age. Your pharmacist can help work this out.
Ready to Get Protected?
Adult HPV vaccination is one of the most effective steps you can take to reduce your risk of HPV-related cancers. Whether you missed the vaccine as a teen or are simply learning about it now, it is worth having a conversation about whether it is right for you.
Book your HPV vaccination appointment at Burnham Health Pharmacy today. Our team is trained to guide adults through the vaccination process, help you understand your insurance coverage, and make the whole thing as simple as possible.